What is periodontal disease?

Untreated gingivitis can advance to periodontal disease.

With time, plaque can spread and grow below the gum line. Toxins produced by the bacteria in plaque irritate the gums. The toxins stimulate a chronic inflammatory response in which the body in essence turns on itself, and the tissues and bone that support the teeth are broken down and destroyed. The gums separate from the teeth, forming pockets in the sulcus between the teeth and gums that become infected.

As the disease progresses, the pockets deepen and more gum tissue and bone are destroyed. Often, this destructive process has very mild symptoms. In fact, most people who have periodontal disease are not even aware of it. Eventually, teeth can become loose and may have to be removed.

Overall health contributor

Research has shown that periodontal disease is associated with several other diseases such as heart disease, respiratory infections, diabetes, kidney disease and pancreatic cancer. Therefore, treating inflammation may not only help manage periodontal diseases but may also help with the management of other chronic inflammatory conditions.

Periodontal bacteria is also suspected of causing complications with pregnancy, premature birth and low birth weight babies.

Treatment options

After a thorough exam, which will include an oral exam, radiographs and periodontal screening, we will discuss your treatment needs. While periodontal disease is a chronic disease, it can be maintained with proper treatment and a strict home care regimen.

Treatment may include performing a scaling and root planing procedure to remove plaque and calculus below the gum line. Antibiotic medication may be inserted into infected sites or a laser may be used. In some cases, surgery may be performed.

A periodontal maintenance schedule will be implemented, which will include recare appointments 3 to 4 times per year. Home care techniques will be demonstrated and tailored to your needs.

Periodontal disease is a chronic condition. However, it is manageable with treatment and maintenance for your oral and systemic health.